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Frage des Tages | 25.5.2012
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Who is protected by protective tariffs?

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Carl Conti after Johann Christian Brand: ‘Buy Italian sausages!/Salami Italiani!’, copperplate engraving, 1775
Knives and two-tined forks, 16th to 18th century
Anton Kothgasser (Vienna Porcelain Manufactory): Plate with ‘antique’ border framed in cobalt blue, 1795

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- ‘Yes, but are they allowed to?’ – The revolution of 1848
- The new ordering of Europe in 1814/15
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- An empire in two halves: the Compromise with Hungary
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- The favourite daughter and the patron of the arts
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- The Queen of France
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- No lengthy mourning – remarriage in the Biedermeier era
- The Empress of Brazil
- Love is free
- To love and honour her, till death do you part?
- Potential for conflict amongst the people: the struggle begins…
- Citizens take heart! The first public speeches
- Initial successes. The abolition of censorship
- A courageous vanguard. The Republic is proclaimed
- The right of assembly and association is gained
- Austrian women fighting for women’s rights
- Victor Adler: the ‘Aulic Councillor of the Revolution’
- Karl Lueger’s rise to Mayor of Vienna
- A classless civil society? Or: the price of democracy
- Winning over the masses
- The Prater – from imperial hunting ground to metropolitan leisure amenity
- Face to face – an audience with Franz Joseph
- The Emperor in the classroom
- The changing of the palace guard or ‘The Palace Growl’
- The pillars of Maria Theresa’s throne
- Precariously close
- Archdukes in holy orders
- Metternich: ‘coachman’ and ‘rock’
- Archduchess Sophie: the ‘only man’ at court?
- Playing cards with the Habsburgs
- In the shadow of an iron lady: Archduke Franz Karl
- The King’s Deputy: Archduke Josef, ‘József nádor’
- Emperor Karl on his way into exile
- The ‘Reich’s idle rotter’: Archduke Johann
- The failed Emperor of Mexico
- CSI Mayerling – How did the crown prince really die?
- Death of a European traveller
- Luigi Lucheni: the man behind the file
- The fatal assassination in Sarajevo
- Maria Theresa: Empress and mother of her peoples
- Maria Theresa: the ‘great reformer’
- The old versus the new social order
- A new start for the dynasty: Franz I
- Rule by mother and son: Joseph II and Maria Theresa
- The useful emperor: Joseph II
- The short-term emperor and would-be reformer: Leopold II
- ‘Please wake me tomorrow at half-past three!’
- The ‘Brick Bohemians’ of Wienerberg and imperial building projects
- Back to square one: Franz II (I)
- Refined manners and genteel conduct
- Welcome to the Biedermeiers!
- The new trend: the nuclear family as luxury commodity
- Angelo Soliman
- A ‘noble’ robber, and no respecter of borders
- Crossing Borders
- Habsburgs à la turca. A political issue (Part 1)
- The classic ‘Other’. Habsburgs à la turca (Part 2)
- The new Austrian anti-Semitism (Part I)
- The new Austrian anti-Semitism (Part 2)
- The Iwakura Mission 1871/73 – the Japanese in Europe
- From the Logbook of Kume Kunitake
- ‘Water taken in moderation is not harmful’
- The battle against smallpox
- For the benefit and comfort of the sick
- Anatomical wax models und tobacco enemas – the Josephinum as a training institution for medical students
- The commitment of Emperor Joseph II to the ‘care of the insane’
- Cholera as a salutary process of natural selection?
- Prostitution. A case for the Morality Police
- ‘All my libido is for Austria-Hungary’
- Pension provision appropriate to station
- Who is overseeing whom? – The bureaucratic state of Joseph II
- The peasant as ‘provider for the people’
- Discipline to keep the population in order
- The Vienna Foundling Home between welfare and population policy
- Torture and execution
- How unemployment became a social problem
- Reformist bishops – the forerunners of the Enlightenment
- Before the French Revolution: Horea and the Romanian Peasants’ Revolt of 1784
- ‘Viennese tolerated Jews’ as future business magnates
- Marriage and divorce
- Weaver in winter, bricklayer in summer
- Civil rights produce citizens
- Everyone learns their times tables!
- School instead of work
- The first schoolbooks are printed
- Bohemian industrial classes as a model
- The ‘school machine’ of Joseph II
- Read, read, read …
- Maria Theresia and the moral crusade
- Enforced retirement for the Jesuits
- From monk to pastor
- Recycling, even in death
- The idea of tolerance
- By your leave, my name is …
- Settlement projects for Jews and Protestants
- The Habsburg heiress versus the European world of men
- The peace-loving mother-figure versus the neurotic megalomaniac?
- Employer: His Imperial and Royal Apostolic Majesty, the Emperor
- Classes for the masses: hierarchies of service at the imperial Court
- Yet another war against the Turks – but this time it was for the last time
- The people versus the useful emperor
- On the edges of power – the four highest ceremonial Court ranks
- The Court Kitchens – dining at the emperor's behest
- The emperor as only one person saw him: the valet de chambre and the human sides of the monarch
- In the shadow of imperial splendour – the Emperor's difficulties with his staff
- The Seven Years’ (World) War
- A war over plums and potatoes
- A place in the sun: Joseph II, the Augarten and how the Viennese spent their leisure time
- Liberté, égalité, fraternité – Liberty, Equality, Fraternity
- A family presents itself - Maria Theresa and the image of the dynasty
- The Franzensburg – the ‘citizen-emperor’s’ chivalric fantasy
- Against the ‘Jacobin conspiracy’
- Archduke Johann: back to nature – the Tyrolean Garden at Schönbrunn
- Forwards into history – The ‘Maria-Theresian style’
- Aux armes, citoyens – Citizens, to arms!
- Battles between ‘emperors’ and ‘peoples’
- The victor of Aspern
- His Imperial Majesty deigns to announce ... the Court and the public domain
- The Kapuzinergruft – last residence of the Habsburgs
- Resistance in the ‘holy land’ of Tyrol: a Tyrolean Taliban?
- The bad guy defeated by the worse ones
- Franz Joseph and Elisabeth – and they lived happily ever after?
- The tender shoots of love: the imperial honeymoon at Laxenburg
- Elisabeth and the constraints of courtly life
- Fresh milk from happy cows – the Kammermeierei
- The Achilleon on Corfu – Elisabeth’s flight into antiquity
- Old times, new times: the coronation of Joseph II in Frankfurt
- A wedding album – the marriage of Joseph II to Isabella of Parma
- The Austro-Hungarian Dual Monarchy: the coronation of the Hungarian royal couple
- The last act – stately obsequies
- Schönbrunn – imperial research laboratory
- South-Sea reveries – traces of the exotic at Schönbrunn
- When an emperor prepared his inventory … … then the population was counted
- ‘The Austro-Hungarian Monarchy in Words and Pictures’
- An encyclopaedia of the Monarchy
- A difficult relationship – Maria Theresa’s Prague legacy
- Theresienstadt
- Reichstadt – a comfortable retreat for former rulers
- ‘When Bohemia still belonged to Austria …’
- Eljen király – Long live the king! Maria Theresa and Hungary
- The castle in Buda – symbol of the Compromise
- Gödöllö Palace – Country residence of the Hungarian royal couple
- Miramare – ‘A beautiful house on the seashore’
- Schloss Hof – aristocratic country residence and Habsburg family palace
- Laxenburg – the Habsburg Arcadia
- The Hermes Villa – a private residence funded by the state?
- Bad Ischl – heaven on earth
- From Sarajevo to Artstetten – Franz Ferdinand’s final resting place
- Palais Augarten: a place of recreation for Archduke Otto
- Flushing out woodcock and chasing wild boar – Franz Joseph and his passion for the chase
- A myth is created – Maria Theresa and Schönbrunn
- With pomp and circumstance – Schönbrunn as the arena of the Imperial Court
- In the company of gods and heroes – the Habsburgs, Schönbrunn and classical antiquity
- Private – No Entry!
- Schönbrunn – final glory and last arena of the Monarchy
- Schönbrunn in the inter-war period – a palace without an emperor
- Schönbrunn after the Second World War – nostalgia and imperial cult
- Wolferl and Nannerl at Court
- A genius in search of a position
- Mozart vs. Salieri 0:1 – a musical contest at the imperial Court
- Turks in Vienna! The Abduction from the Seraglio at Vienna’s Burgtheater
- The pianist: Mozart as virtuoso performer
- The Marriage of Figaro, the tale of a revolutionary barber
- The longed-for position at court: Mozart as Imperial-Royal Court Composer
- La clemenza di Tito – but no clemency for Mozart
- ‘O Isis and Osiris!’ The Masonic opera, The Magic Flute
- Mozart’s last composition
- Turquerie – the reception of the Orient in Europe
- Maria Theresa in Turkish dress
- Impaling Turks’ heads at Court
- The first opera at the imperial Viennese Court
- Pomp and state: Baroque festivities at the Viennese court
- Party-time: The marriage of Leopold I and Margarita of Spain
- An emperor as composer
- A musical family
- Domestic music-making instead of festive operas – the end of the Baroque opera
- The party continues: private performances by the imperial children
- A private stage: the theatre at Schönbrunn Palace
- From real tennis court to Court Theatre
- A traffic obstruction: the Kärntnertortheater
- Noble entertainment, loss-making ventures
- ‘Woeful taste’: German-language theatre in need of censorship
- Kasperl versus Sonnenfels: the ‘Hanswurst controversy’
- An Emperor as theatre director and talent scout
- Happy endings: a ‘Viennese’ ending for Hamlet & Co.
- Conserving the old from fear of the new
- The Heldenberg: a monument to patriotism
- The Vienna Arsenal – from Hall of Fame of the Austrian army to centre of the sciences
- God saved the Emperor – and Vienna got the Votivkirche
- Two men on horseback preside over ‘Heroes’ Square’
- Historic rallies on Heldenplatz
- Habsburg heroes, heroines and sons of the Muses – monuments on the Ringstrasse
- City walls, bastions and glacis – protection or hindrance?
- From fortification to promenade
- Protection from the proletariat
- ‘It is my will’
- The construction of the Ringstrasse
- Military drill must continue!
- Ringstrasse palaces
- Live like a prince, party like an artist
- The Corso of the Viennese bourgeoisie
- The Ringstrasse as stage: a pageant for Emperor and people
- The Viennese coffee house
- Grand Hotels on Vienna’s boulevard
- Is the Emperor rich? Where the Habsburgs got their money from
- Not creditworthy – Habsburgs ‘plagued’ by money worries
- Gulden and krone, coins and paper. Or: How did the Empress pay?
- A Fortune loses its owners – Habsburg assets after 1918
- Thrifty Court and expensive army – State expenditure
- Tax matters – State revenue
- The palace of money – Where does all the money come from?
- The Emperor’s savings book and the State’s financiers – Banks and insurance in the Monarchy
- Quick money versus old aristocracy
- Crisis in the highest circles – Economic boom and stock exchange crash
- Consumption goes to town – The capital as a ‘city of consumption’
- Shopping venues – Inequalities in consumption
- If your company wants to use the imperial coat of arms. The Imperial-Royal Court Suppliers
- Exclusive items and buying in bulk – What the Habsburgs ordered from the Suppliers to the Imperial-Royal Court
- 30 kg of salami or how much does an emperor eat? How the Court was supplied with food
- Naked archduke at Court supplier Sacher! A headline that is also good publicity
- What do Franz Joseph and a woman revolutionary have in common?
- To every region its task? ‘Division of labour’ in the Habsburg lands
- A museum, a university and spies for Franz II (I) – Economic promotion under Franz II (I)
- Mass products at the imperial Court – Some indicators of industrial production
- Exhibit the world – Vienna as World Exhibition venue
- For progress or against technology – Contemporary opinions of technical inventions
- Habsburg and Co. Ltd. – Habsburgs as industrialists
- Named for Imperial Highnesses – Railways create new mobility
- All ways lead to Vienna – Trains mean quick journeys over long distances
- Two rulers in an ‘automobile’ – Of means of transport for the emperor and for his people
- A princess on a bicycle – Bicycles in the crowded streets
- New in the catalogue: apartments with running water – Too little and too much water in Vienna
- Let there be light - Gas and electricity light up Vienna
- Living in a top location – Neighbours of the Habsburgs
- Does industry go with monarchy? Factories and their workers are kept at arm’s length
- It is forbidden to wear clogs! Saving energy under Maria Theresa and Joseph II
- Coal instead of wood – Coal as an alternative supplier of energy
- Through the Monarchy by mail coach – Improvements to the road network
- The Danube flows in the wrong direction – Waterways as a form of transport with obstacles
- Unidentified flying object approaching from Prague – Balloon journeys as a spectacular show
- The Emperor is spinning, the Empress is peeved – Workshops and Habsburg economic policy
- Cottage industry – Outwork and ‘putting out’
- ‘Spinning Jenny’ versus the workshops or ‘manufactories’ – Of workshops and new machines
- With needle and thread – The invention of the sewing machine
- The guilds as tax collectors – Eighteenth-century craft reforms
- Does competition stimulate trade? Journeymen in Vienna protest against the ‘manufactories’
- If you earn money you can go shopping – The link between the manufactories and consumerism
- St Nicholas’ Day gifts and a fortune ‘under the mattress’ – What Maria Theresa earned and did with her money
- More state, less private enterprise. Or: Marrying can make you rich!
- The ‘fat lady’ in Ethiopia - Maria Theresa’s likeness on its travels
- Money of paper – Financial necessity is the mother of invention
- Let speculation commence ... The founding of the Vienna Stock Exchange
- Joseph II’s ‘sacred’ plough – The Emperor as farmer
- Survey the country and put a tax on land – The Josephinian land register was used for a new system of taxation
- More land for agriculture – The search for arable land
- Dead sparrows and prayers against locusts – Measures to increase yields
- What is put on the table is eaten! A short history of the potato
- Attention: End of customs area! Customs borders as economic obstacles
- Tolls are not there for fun – Anyone going on a journey had to pay tolls
- Who is protected by protective tariffs? Sealing off the Monarchy as a form of economic programme
  - Who is protected by protective tariffs?
- At the Hungarian border things came to a stop – Hungary is given the role of the Monarchy’s granary
- Go forth and multiply! The Habsburgs’ human capital
- Measure the masses – Of ‘descriptions of souls’ and house numbers
- More people – Population growth in the Monarchy
- For the happiness of the population? State welfare and tax systems
- It is not (only) a matter of size – The population must work more
- The last knight: Maximilian I
- Sympathetic towards Protestants: Maximilian II
- The Habsburg ‘fraternal quarrel’: Rudolf II against Matthias
- The tripartite division of the Austrian inheritance
- Charles V and the empire ‘on which the sun never set’
- The birth of the Austrian line: Ferdinand I
- Maximilian and the preservation of his memory
- 28 The ‘Black Men’ and an emperor
- A medieval ‘freelancer’: Albrecht Dürer
- The ‘completer’: Ferdinand I
- Depicting imperial might in pictures – with fruit
- Who am I?
- The horn of a unicorn and the Holy Grail: the Habsburg treasure
- Theatrum mundi: the whole world contained in a single chamber
- The Ambras Kunstkammer
- The Kunst- und Wunderkammer of Emperor Rudolf II
- Collecting among the middle classes
- Systematization: how the Habsburg art collections came to form the basis of modern museums
- The counter-reformers: Charles II of Inner Austria and Ferdinand II
- Art and the Thirty Years’ War
- Monastic institutions in Austria
- Foreign dominance in the Austrian painting sector
- A house in the country
- Stately architecture – Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach
- The importance of art and artists for the Habsburgs
- Freelance artists in the sixteenth century
- Working at Court I: pro and contra
- Working at Court II: conditions of production
- Art in the service of power
- Marry me – the functions of portraiture
- The beloved family
- This portrait is enchanting fair – portraiture as a source of income
- Private insights
- The fascination of the past
- An anthem for the emperor
- Franz Joseph’s portrait
- Money from the ‘New World’ – sources of money and taxation under the Habsburgs
- Wars are an expensive business – Defence against the Turks as a burden on Habsburg finances
- Turning lead into silver – Experiments in alchemy at the Imperial Court
- ‘Sponsored by Fugger’ – Trading houses as financial backers
- (In)voluntary loans – The Jews as financial backers
- White gold – The Habsburgs’ salt monopoly
- Salt sites – Where the Habsburgs produced their salt
- The land of silver and coins – Mining silver and minting coins in Tyrol
- Old iron – The iron and arms industries in the early modern period
- The knife’s edge – Scythes and knives as big sellers
- Merry on wine and beer – Tales of inns and taverns
- Brewing beer, growing wine and providing revenue for the authorities – Of breweries and vineyards
- Aristocrats with a sweet tooth – How chocolate ‘conquered’ Vienna
- Therapeutic, luxurious and a stimulant – Coffee and tea are put on the menu
- As sweet as sugar – from luxury item to article of mass consumption
- The joys of smoking versus addiction to tobacco – From nobleman to farmer’s wife, smoking is for everyone
- When non-smoking threatened the Monarchy – The non-smokers of Lombardy
- Good sight – Spectacles are put on noses
- Measuring time – Of large tower clocks and small pocket watches
- Punctual town dwellers, timeless peasants, leisurely women – Or: why clock time is not for everyone
- A look at the starry heavens – Sights and insights through the telescope
- Oxen at knock-down prices - peasant levies
- Fish on the table – Fish ponds as a source of income
- Rags and rag collectors – On making paper
- Crystal clear – Glass production in the early modern period
- Speculation in foodstuffs in the early modern period – The links between weather, manorial estates and grain prices
- Guaranteed cheap and definitely not stolen – Flea markets in the early modern period
- Everything one’s heart desires – Europe’s commercial arteries
- Of markets and fairs – and their importance for trade
- Not a global player after all – On overseas trade
- The Court as ‘liberator’ – Of Court craftsmen and craftsmen ‘exempted by the Court’
- Worries about the younger generation: Charles VI
- Reforming zeal in the Baroque: Joseph I
- Another Ferdinand: Ferdinand III
- Leopold I: ‘Türkenpoldl’
- Persecutor of the Protestants: Ferdinand II
- A question of priorities
- Vienna Gloriosa: The grandiose projects of Charles VI
- The Ceremonial Apartments
- The Presidential Chancellery and the long shadow of the double eagle
- The subtle distinction: Court Ball and Ball at Court
- The public banquet – a visual feast for the crowd
- The Court as the source of power
- A closed society
- Noblesse oblige – aristocratic career paths
- Faith and power – the nobility and the Catholic Church
- Vienna – the city as stage for the display of aristocratic status
- Governors thrown out of window
- The Czech trauma of Bílá Hora
- Emperor Ferdinand II intoxicated by power
- ‘Heja Sverige’: The Swedes are coming
- Wallenstein: death by murder
- The war’s terrible final phase
- Peace at last
- A new great power in south-east Europe: the Ottoman Empire
- The Emperor and his Court
- ‘Blood enmity’ with France: Charles V against Francis I
- The omnipotence of etiquette – ceremonial at the Viennese Court
- ‘The Turk’ at the gates of Vienna: Episode 1
- (Minor) hostilities along the Military Frontier
- Members only – the right of admission to Court
- Habsburg versus the Sun King
- ‘The Turk’ at the gates of Vienna: Episode 2
- A question of honour – receiving the diplomatic corps
- Honorary services at Court – it’s being there that counts!
- The battle for the Spanish inheritance
- On the 'Empress’s side' – women at Court
- Prince Eugene, the ‘noble knight’
- Imperial ‘downtime’: the Habsburg passion for hunting
- The emperor’s new clothes – Joseph II’s break with tradition
- Happy imperial holidays – summer residences around Vienna
- Marrying into Burgundy: Maximilian I and Mary of Burgundy
- Marrying into Spain: Philip the Fair and Joan the Mad
- Marrying into Bohemia and Hungary with a double wedding in Vienna
- Daughters and sisters, get married!
- Schönbrunn before ‛Schönbrunn’ – the beginnings
- From castle in the air to château de plaisance – Schönbrunn and Fischer von Erlach
- The allure of the exotic – Habsburgs and the fashion for all things Chinese
- The Hradčany – the castle at Prague
- Pressburg – the capital of exile
- Graz – a bulwark of faith
- The Golden Fleece
- The Neugebäude – an idealist’s dream
- The Habsburgs’ Spanish dream
- The Escorial
- Rudolf II and the ‛Golden City’
- The new Rome: Fischer von Erlach and the 'Kaiserstil'
- The Karlskirche
- Wanted: gravediggers!
- Syphilis – an American disease?
- Dealing in drugs and herbs. A lucrative business
- Popular medical treatments – cupping, bleeding and purging
- Imbalances of the humours and the nervous system: the beginning of the campaigns against onanism
- Hosts, patron saints and books of miracles. White magic for Christians
- A robot in Prague and an elixir for Rudolf II
- In league with the devil
- Healing with herbs. Theriac and other remedies
- Washing, drawing, lancing – the requisite skills for a barber-surgeon in early modern times
- From the Hutterites to the Amish
- With the caroja to the auto-da-fé. The Spanish Inquisition
- Counting the days afresh
- Tertius gaudens – when two quarrel, a third rejoices
- Horn: town of insurgent Estates
- The Wiener Neustädter Blutgericht – the hanging tribunal at Wiener Neustadt
- Anti-Fuggerians in the mines
- ‘When Adam delved and Eve span …’
- Making war pay
- Life in the towns and cities
- Jesuits evangelize the world
- Tour de France and Giro d’Italia: popular tours even before the days of the racing bike
- Peasants on border patrol
- Croatian colonists for a devastated (Burgen)land
- The ‘legs’ of the community: Of pedlars and the imperial Taxis Post
- Monarch of all he surveys. The patriarchal household
- Living (like) in a commune?
- Childbearing and childrearing. Women in the household
- Like father, like son …
- The Church has its say. New standards of morality for the household-family
- The natural history collections
- Ostarrîchi: Austria under the Babenbergs
- The Habsburgs’ origins as a Swiss noble family
- Rudolf I of Habsburg: From ‘poor count’ to King of the Romans
- King Ottokar’s Fortune and End
- The Habsburgs take over Austria
- A king and his murderer
- Forgery à la Habsburg: the Privilegium maius
- If I were King ... – Duke Rudolf IV ‘the Founder’
- Fraternal strife and territorial partitioning
- Anything holy will fetch a good price – The medieval trade in religious relics
- Good business under the protection of saints – Markets in monasteries and cemeteries
- Monastery business matters – Monasteries and trade in the Middle Ages
- Off to the ‘holy places’ – Pilgrims and pilgrimages in the Middle Ages
- ‘The end of the world is nigh’ – The people of Europe beset by natural disasters
- ‘Mortalitas magna’ – the ‘Great Death’ – the plague epidemic of 1348-9
- Large areas of land completely deserted – Demographic trends and agricultural production
- Lord of the manor has vacancies for peasants, with possible tenure for life – The origin of the peasant class
- Of maids and day labourers, craftsmen and the ‘unhoused’ – Social groups in the countryside
- Peasants versus the lords of the manor – Rural revolts
- ‘High society’ – How having the rights of a burgher went hand in hand with social status
- On the fringes of town – beggars, prostitutes, hangmen
- Craftsmen are men – and women? Work for women and men in the world of urban crafts and trades
- Tuesday and Saturday are market days – crafts, markets and food supplies in medieval Vienna
- Persecution of the Jews in the Middle Ages – With social and economic motives and religious and ideological legitimation
- Ancient connections: Swiss monasteries as Habsburg loci of remembrance
- The Holy Roman Empire and the divine order of the world
- Schloss Eckartsau: Emperor Karl on his way into exile
- What do the Emperor’s apartments look like?
- The emperor’s furniture – the Hofmobiliendepot
- Signs of imperial majesty: the Crown of Rudolf
- A cathedral without a bishop: St Stephen’s in Vienna
- Almost a crown: The Austrian archducal coronet
- Pious religious zeal as a sovereign virtue
- The quest for ‘blue blood’ – the Habsburgs’ fictitious ancestors
- AEIOU
- The House of Austria – the Habsburgs and the Empire
- The double-headed eagle: the omnipresent emblem of the Habsburgs
- The struggle for peoples’ souls – the Habsburgs and the Counter-Reformation
- Magna Mater Austriae – the veneration of the Virgin as the Habsburg state cult
- Marks of presence: ecclesiastical endowments of the Habsburgs in Vienna
- Mauerbach and Gaming: the rise and fall of two Habsburg monastic foundations
- Under the sign of the Cross
- The Habsburg Court monastery – St Augustine’s
- New spirit in old buildings: religious houses in the Baroque era
- The question of utility: The ‘Klostersturm’ under Joseph II
- The Erbhuldigung – The act of Hereditary Homage
- The Corpus Christi procession – ‘God’s Court Ball’
- The beginnings – the medieval Hofburg
- The spiritual centre: the Hofburg Chapel
- In humility: the foot-washing ceremony
- Wiener Neustadt – the ‘forever loyal’ city
- The Habsburg heaven: patron saints of lands and dynasty
- Innsbruck – Residence with Alpine panorama
- For God, Emperor and Fatherland
- The textualization of the world
- If only I could read
- Places of learning: schools
- A Viennese institution: the Collegium civium
- Book production in the Middle Ages
- What did people read in the Middle Ages? Courtly and middle-class reading matter
- The invention of the printing press
- The secularization of education
- I want more! The revolution in reading in the eighteenth century
- Pirate editions commissioned by the state
- A university for Vienna
- Teachers and students at Vienna University
- ‘Bursen’ and ‘Koderien’ – the student hostels of the Middle Ages
- Septem artes liberales: What was studied in the Middle Ages?
- Winds of change – humanism arrives at Vienna University
- More state influence: Gerard van Swieten’s reform of the university
- Revolution! Academic freedom for the university and women in the lecture halls
- A travelling orchestra for Maximilian I
- An official post at last! The secularization of the Hofmusikkapelle
- A difficult legacy? The Hofmusikkapelle on its journey to the present day
- Courtly and popular pleasures
- Viennese masquerades
- Historicism – the architectural style of the Ringstrasse
- The glory that was Rome – Franz Joseph’s dream of an Imperial Forum
- The emperor’s architects
- The palaces of art and science
- It’s a record! 15,527 visitors on one day at the Kunsthistorisches Museum
- Buried alive? The new Burgtheater on Vienna’s Ringstrasse
- The ‘sunken chest’: The building of the Vienna Court Opera on the Ring
- A new venue: the Redoute Rooms
- The bears are out! Bloodthirsty pleasures at the Hetz amphitheatre
- The Biedermeier mania for dancing
- The Viennese coffee house
- The Viennese waltz
- The Strauss dynasty – a family business
- Roll up, roll up! Entertainments in the Prater
- Vienna’s new art-loving bourgeoisie
- Censored!
- Singing a chorus for freedom in the police state
- The home of opera: The Kärntnertortheater
- Musical life in the new opera house on the Ring
- Serious and dangerous entertainments
- Weh dem, der lügt! Censorship in the theatre
- A social hotspot: the Burgtheater
- 'Our revels now are ended': the old Burgtheater moves to its new premises on the Ring
- The theatre-makers
- Maria Theresa, empress and interior designer
- Trying out comfort and cosiness for a change: Biedermeier at Court
- ‘Dispensing with all unnecessary pomp’
- … And what about middle-class households?
- A ‘Turkish Salon’ in the Vienna Hofburg
- Leopoldine: Sunday’s child
- 1816 – A fateful year for Leopoldine
- An enquiry from Rio de Janeiro
- An expedition to the tropics
- A Portuguese fairy-tale prince?
- Family life in Rio de Janeiro
- The English governess: Maria Graham
- January 9, 1822: Fico – I am staying
- 2nd September 1822 – Brazil becomes an independent empire
- A masterpiece of diplomacy
- Leopoldina – a Brazilian patriot
- Mission accomplished...
- Emperor Franz II/I and Napoleon
- Marie Louise – a childhood spent in the shadows of world politics
- Napoleon at Schönbrunn Palace
- Marie Louise and the Duke of Reichstadt
- Habsburg occupation of the royal throne
- The posthumous prince and his guardian
- A weak yet tenacious emperor: Frederick III
- Fraternal strife: Emperor Frederick III versus Duke Albrecht VI
- The Hungarians are coming: Emperor Frederick III versus Matthias Corvinus
- The reuniting of the Habsburg lands: Maximilian I
- Frederick of the Empty Pockets and the Tyroleans
- Napoleon seeks a wife
- Napoleon and Marie Louise: Courtship and wedding in Vienna
- The handover of the bride
- First meeting and wedding in Paris
- The Court Linen Room
- The Feast of St Nicholas
- Christmas down the ages
- O Christmas Tree – the Habsburgs and the Christmas tree
- Christmas in the imperial family
- A year at Court – the Court Calendar
- The 'first tier' of society - social interaction in the aristocracy
- An all too closed society
- Following in Sisi’s footsteps: the imperial park at Bad Ischl
- The emperor on his summer retreat: the imperial villa at Ischl
- The problem of the succession
- Franz Joseph and Franz Ferdinand – a tense relationship
- Karl – the unexpected crown prince
- Charles V and the vision of universal monarchy
- A very special Christmas concert: Joseph Haydn and the Russian grand duchess
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