Impaling Turks’ heads at Court

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On 2 January 1743 Maria Theresa hosted a celebration in the Winter Riding School of the Hofburg to mark the retaking of Prague. This included a ‘Ladies’ Carousel’: the empress led the first mounted quadrille. The carriages were driven by cavaliers, and the ladies had to lunge with a sword at models of Turks’ heads made of papier mâché impaled on poles. The captured head of an enemy had always played an important role in the wars between the Ottoman and Habsburg empires. This sport was a popular courtly diversion in Vienna, especially during the seventeenth century, and it survived as an amusement among the common people in the Habsburg Monarchy until the nineteenth century.

Carousels had been held during the Middle Ages as part of jousting tournaments. Very popular during the Baroque era, they were incorporated into the equestrian ballets that were held at weddings. In the eighteenth century carousels and elaborate dressage performances underwent a renaissance. However, a Ladies’ Carousel was an exceptional event, as Prince Khevenhüller-Metsch emphasized in his journal.

After the event Maria Theresa drove around Michaelerplatz together with a number of other participating ladies in the carousel carriages, so that the Viennese populace could admire the festive company.

As part of the programme of festivities accompanying the Congress of Vienna an elaborate carousel was held in the Winter Riding School. The participants had to perform feats of equestrian skill and the event was rounded off with a mock battle.

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aus-der-ceremoniel-wissenschafft-der-grossen-herren-aus-dem-iv.-capitul.-rosballette-carouselle-ringrennen

Aus der "Ceremoniel-Wissenschafft der grossen Herren", aus dem IV. Capitul. Roßballette, Carouselle, Ringrennen:

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Hofmarschall Fürst Khevenhüller-Metsch in einem Tagebucheintrag über das "Damenkarussell" am 2. Januar 1743:

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Die Türken vor Wien. Europa und die Entscheidung an der Donau 1683, Katalog zur gleichnamigen Sonderausstellung des Historischen Museums der Stadt Wien im Künstlerhaus, 5.5.–30.10.1983, Wien 1983, 282–285; Dietrich, Margret: Theater am Hofe – zwischen Tradition und Wandel, in: Koschatzky, Walter (Hrsg.): Maria Theresia und ihre Zeit. Eine Darstellung der Epoche von 1740–1780 aus Anlass der 200. Wiederkehr des Todestages der Kaiserin, 2. Aufl. Salzburg/Wien 1979, 393–403; Kaisertum Österreich 1804–1814, Katalog zur gleichnamigen Ausstellung, Schallaburg, 27.4.–27.10.1996, Bad Vöslau 1996 (Katalog des Niederösterreichischen Landesmuseums, NF Nr. 387), 349; Maria Theresia und ihre Zeit, Katalog zur gleichnamigen Ausstellung, Wien, Schloss Schönbrunn, 13.5.–26.10.1980, 219; Schloss Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.: Schloss Schönbrunn – Lernbehelf für Guides, Bd. 2, 3. erw. Aufl. Wien 2000, 126–127; Vocelka, Karl: Glanz und Untergang der höfischen Welt. Repräsentation, Reform und Reaktion im habsburgischen Vielvölkerstaat, Wien 2004 (Österreichische Geschichte 1699–1815), 185–194;

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Impaling Turks’ heads at Court
Aus der "Ceremoniel-Wissenschafft der grossen Herren", aus dem IV. Capitul. Roßballette, Carouselle, Ringrennen:
Hofmarschall Fürst Khevenhüller-Metsch in einem Tagebucheintrag über das "Damenkarussell" am 2. Januar 1743:

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Impaling Turks’ heads at Court

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